Python print()
The print() function prints specified values and variables to the screen.
# print a string
print('Harry Potter')
# print a number
print(50)
number = 400
# print a variable
print(number)
goals = '100'
# strings and variables in the same line
print('Ronaldo has reached ', goals, ' goals')
Output:
Harry Potter 50 400 Ronaldo has reached 100 goals
Here,
- The first print statement prints a string, the second prints an integer, and the third one prints a variable.
- The final print statement takes a string variable and prints it along with the rest of the string in the statement.
You must have noticed that the print statement automatically prints the output on the next line.
input() Function
We can use the input() function to take input from the user.
# take user input
name = input()
print(name)
Printing Message Before Input
We can also print a message inside the input() function to let users know what they need to enter.
# displaying prompt message before taking input
name = input("Enter name: ")
print(name)
Output
Enter name: Felix Felix
Numeric Input
In Python, the input() function always takes input as a string. We can check this by using the
type() function.
# print the type of input.
number = input("Enter a number: ")
print(type(number))
Output
<class 'str'>
Here, <class 'str'> means it's a string.
As we can't directly take numeric inputs using the input() function, we need to convert the string to
integers or float.
# take input
number = input("Enter a number: ")
# convert numeric string to integer
number = int(number)
Here, we converted a number in string format to an integer.
We can also simplify the code above as
# take input and convert it to int
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
Similarly, we can use the float() function to convert a numeric string to a floating-point number.
# take input and convert it to float
number = float(input("Enter a number: "))
print(type(number))
If we enter a non-numeric string and try to convert it into a number, we get an error.
# take input and convert it to float
number = float(input("Enter a number: "))
print(type(number))
Output
Enter a number: Harry Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in ValueError: could not convert string to float: 'Harry'